Murali Duggineni

Murali Duggineni

The sacred boundary of the word “profane”

Long before the word “profane” carried its modern meaning of disrespect or vulgarity, it described something far more literal — physical position. Derived from the Latin pro fanum, meaning “before or outside the temple,” the word originally separated two kinds…

Why cruel pleasure is called “sadism”

Sadism refers to deriving pleasure from inflicting pain, humiliation, or suffering on others. The term comes from Marquis de Sade (1740–1814), a French aristocrat whose life was as transgressive as his writing. De Sade spent nearly three decades in prisons…

Why are bilva (bael) leaves offered to Shiva?

Among the many rituals associated with the worship of Lord Shiva, the offering of Bilva (Bel) leaves holds deep significance. It is associated with a timeless legend of devotion, remembered especially on Maha Shivaratri. The Puranas tell the story of…

Boycott: the man who gave protest its name

The word boycott means to deliberately refuse cooperation (such as buying, selling, or dealing with a person or organization) to express protest or apply pressure. The term comes from Charles Boycott, a British army captain turned land agent in 19th-century…

How is a fiasco different from a failure?

A failure can be quiet, private, or simply an unsuccessful outcome. A fiasco, however, is a failure that is loud, public, and often embarrassing. It suggests collapse with noise, visibility, and a sense of chaos that ordinary failure does not.…

Why peaceful times are called “halcyon days”

The phrase “halcyon days” refers to a period of peace, happiness, and prosperity — often looked back on with nostalgia. It can also literally denote a stretch of calm, mild winter weather. The term comes from Greek mythology. Alcyone (or…